The fine granularity is useful for determining a number of scaling issues so it is unlikely we'll be able to make the changes you are suggesting. percentile happens to be exactly at our SLO of 300ms. Continuing the histogram example from above, imagine your usual use case. The a query resolution of 15 seconds. Metrics: apiserver_request_duration_seconds_sum , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_count , apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket Notes: An increase in the request latency can impact the operation of the Kubernetes cluster. The actual data still exists on disk and is cleaned up in future compactions or can be explicitly cleaned up by hitting the Clean Tombstones endpoint. The first one is apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket, and if we search Kubernetes documentation, we will find that apiserver is a component of . Prometheus Authors 2014-2023 | Documentation Distributed under CC-BY-4.0. You can annotate the service of your apiserver with the following: Then the Datadog Cluster Agent schedules the check(s) for each endpoint onto Datadog Agent(s). By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. // Path the code takes to reach a conclusion: // i.e. Although, there are a couple of problems with this approach. The corresponding Is there any way to fix this problem also I don't want to extend the capacity for this one metrics metrics_filter: # beginning of kube-apiserver. You can URL-encode these parameters directly in the request body by using the POST method and // CanonicalVerb distinguishes LISTs from GETs (and HEADs). 2015-07-01T20:10:51.781Z: The following endpoint evaluates an expression query over a range of time: For the format of the placeholder, see the range-vector result The calculated The following endpoint returns a list of exemplars for a valid PromQL query for a specific time range: Expression queries may return the following response values in the result So, which one to use? /sig api-machinery, /assign @logicalhan The /alerts endpoint returns a list of all active alerts. the bucket from Check out Monitoring Systems and Services with Prometheus, its awesome! Kubernetes prometheus metrics for running pods and nodes? I think this could be usefulfor job type problems . Can you please explain why you consider the following as not accurate? It provides an accurate count. {quantile=0.9} is 3, meaning 90th percentile is 3. The essential difference between summaries and histograms is that summaries actually most interested in), the more accurate the calculated value type=alert) or the recording rules (e.g. calculated 95th quantile looks much worse. After logging in you can close it and return to this page. Usage examples Don't allow requests >50ms By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. . // ResponseWriterDelegator interface wraps http.ResponseWriter to additionally record content-length, status-code, etc. In general, we RecordRequestTermination should only be called zero or one times, // RecordLongRunning tracks the execution of a long running request against the API server. Prometheus comes with a handy histogram_quantile function for it. format. Histogram is made of a counter, which counts number of events that happened, a counter for a sum of event values and another counter for each of a bucket. are currently loaded. // The post-timeout receiver gives up after waiting for certain threshold and if the. My cluster is running in GKE, with 8 nodes, and I'm at a bit of a loss how I'm supposed to make sure that scraping this endpoint takes a reasonable amount of time. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. request durations are almost all very close to 220ms, or in other percentile happens to coincide with one of the bucket boundaries. Proposal This check monitors Kube_apiserver_metrics. Background checks for UK/US government research jobs, and mental health difficulties, Two parallel diagonal lines on a Schengen passport stamp. If we need some metrics about a component but not others, we wont be able to disable the complete component. This check monitors Kube_apiserver_metrics. For now I worked this around by simply dropping more than half of buckets (you can do so with a price of precision in your calculations of histogram_quantile, like described in https://www.robustperception.io/why-are-prometheus-histograms-cumulative), As @bitwalker already mentioned, adding new resources multiplies cardinality of apiserver's metrics. The following endpoint evaluates an instant query at a single point in time: The current server time is used if the time parameter is omitted. prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket {handler="/graph"} histogram_quantile () function can be used to calculate quantiles from histogram histogram_quantile (0.9,prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds_bucket {handler="/graph"}) You can find the logo assets on our press page. Prometheus can be configured as a receiver for the Prometheus remote write Note that native histograms are an experimental feature, and the format below 10% of the observations are evenly spread out in a long What does apiserver_request_duration_seconds prometheus metric in Kubernetes mean? up or process_start_time_seconds{job="prometheus"}: The following endpoint returns a list of label names: The data section of the JSON response is a list of string label names. Some libraries support only one of the two types, or they support summaries Cannot retrieve contributors at this time. distributions of request durations has a spike at 150ms, but it is not The login page will open in a new tab. Any one object will only have (the latter with inverted sign), and combine the results later with suitable and -Inf, so sample values are transferred as quoted JSON strings rather than rev2023.1.18.43175. "Maximal number of currently used inflight request limit of this apiserver per request kind in last second. It exposes 41 (!) Prometheus Documentation about relabelling metrics. In Prometheus Histogram is really a cumulative histogram (cumulative frequency). kubelets) to the server (and vice-versa) or it is just the time needed to process the request internally (apiserver + etcd) and no communication time is accounted for ? Its important to understand that creating a new histogram requires you to specify bucket boundaries up front. By default the Agent running the check tries to get the service account bearer token to authenticate against the APIServer. only in a limited fashion (lacking quantile calculation). This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository. So I guess the best way to move forward is launch your app with default bucket boundaries, let it spin for a while and later tune those values based on what you see. Speaking of, I'm not sure why there was such a long drawn out period right after the upgrade where those rule groups were taking much much longer (30s+), but I'll assume that is the cluster stabilizing after the upgrade. In this article, I will show you how we reduced the number of metrics that Prometheus was ingesting. unequalObjectsFast, unequalObjectsSlow, equalObjectsSlow, // these are the valid request methods which we report in our metrics. Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. Prometheus. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. As a plus, I also want to know where this metric is updated in the apiserver's HTTP handler chains ? Note that an empty array is still returned for targets that are filtered out. (e.g., state=active, state=dropped, state=any). A tag already exists with the provided branch name. the SLO of serving 95% of requests within 300ms. and one of the following HTTP response codes: Other non-2xx codes may be returned for errors occurring before the API // status: whether the handler panicked or threw an error, possible values: // - 'error': the handler return an error, // - 'ok': the handler returned a result (no error and no panic), // - 'pending': the handler is still running in the background and it did not return, "Tracks the activity of the request handlers after the associated requests have been timed out by the apiserver", "Time taken for comparison of old vs new objects in UPDATE or PATCH requests". will fall into the bucket labeled {le="0.3"}, i.e. Data is broken down into different categories, like verb, group, version, resource, component, etc. By the way, the defaultgo_gc_duration_seconds, which measures how long garbage collection took is implemented using Summary type. The other problem is that you cannot aggregate Summary types, i.e. 320ms. In Prometheus Operator we can pass this config addition to our coderd PodMonitor spec. You can URL-encode these parameters directly in the request body by using the POST method and I used c#, but it can not recognize the function. Then, we analyzed metrics with the highest cardinality using Grafana, chose some that we didnt need, and created Prometheus rules to stop ingesting them. It appears this metric grows with the number of validating/mutating webhooks running in the cluster, naturally with a new set of buckets for each unique endpoint that they expose. Otherwise, choose a histogram if you have an idea of the range Stopping electric arcs between layers in PCB - big PCB burn. // mark APPLY requests, WATCH requests and CONNECT requests correctly. process_start_time_seconds: gauge: Start time of the process since . And it seems like this amount of metrics can affect apiserver itself causing scrapes to be painfully slow. In the new setup, the Sign in In this case we will drop all metrics that contain the workspace_id label. // of the total number of open long running requests. The state query parameter allows the caller to filter by active or dropped targets, If you need to aggregate, choose histograms. {quantile=0.5} is 2, meaning 50th percentile is 2. // preservation or apiserver self-defense mechanism (e.g. kubelets) to the server (and vice-versa) or it is just the time needed to process the request internally (apiserver + etcd) and no communication time is accounted for ? You might have an SLO to serve 95% of requests within 300ms. property of the data section. Unfortunately, you cannot use a summary if you need to aggregate the expression query. quantiles from the buckets of a histogram happens on the server side using the // This metric is used for verifying api call latencies SLO. the high cardinality of the series), why not reduce retention on them or write a custom recording rule which transforms the data into a slimmer variant? The same applies to etcd_request_duration_seconds_bucket; we are using a managed service that takes care of etcd, so there isnt value in monitoring something we dont have access to. single value (rather than an interval), it applies linear How Intuit improves security, latency, and development velocity with a Site Maintenance - Friday, January 20, 2023 02:00 - 05:00 UTC (Thursday, Jan Were bringing advertisements for technology courses to Stack Overflow, What's the difference between Apache's Mesos and Google's Kubernetes, Command to delete all pods in all kubernetes namespaces. Can you please help me with a query, Though, histograms require one to define buckets suitable for the case. The metric is defined here and it is called from the function MonitorRequest which is defined here. Still, it can get expensive quickly if you ingest all of the Kube-state-metrics metrics, and you are probably not even using them all. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters. [FWIW - we're monitoring it for every GKE cluster and it works for us]. following meaning: Note that with the currently implemented bucket schemas, positive buckets are The corresponding now. prometheus . Buckets: []float64{0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60}. // ReadOnlyKind is a string identifying read only request kind, // MutatingKind is a string identifying mutating request kind, // WaitingPhase is the phase value for a request waiting in a queue, // ExecutingPhase is the phase value for an executing request, // deprecatedAnnotationKey is a key for an audit annotation set to, // "true" on requests made to deprecated API versions, // removedReleaseAnnotationKey is a key for an audit annotation set to. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Prometheus Users" group. // as well as tracking regressions in this aspects. While you are only a tiny bit outside of your SLO, the calculated 95th quantile looks much worse. type=record). Prometheus alertmanager discovery: Both the active and dropped Alertmanagers are part of the response. Although Gauge doesnt really implementObserverinterface, you can make it usingprometheus.ObserverFunc(gauge.Set). APIServer Categraf Prometheus . Vanishing of a product of cyclotomic polynomials in characteristic 2. Two parallel diagonal lines on a Schengen passport stamp. you have served 95% of requests. It is important to understand the errors of that In that case, the sum of observations can go down, so you Thanks for reading. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and, "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/apis/meta/v1/validation", "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/authentication/user", "k8s.io/apiserver/pkg/endpoints/responsewriter", "k8s.io/component-base/metrics/legacyregistry", // resettableCollector is the interface implemented by prometheus.MetricVec. A set of Grafana dashboards and Prometheus alerts for Kubernetes. Please log in again. The query http_requests_bucket{le=0.05} will return list of requests falling under 50 ms but i need requests falling above 50 ms. Use it The corresponding result property has the following format: String results are returned as result type string. For example calculating 50% percentile (second quartile) for last 10 minutes in PromQL would be: histogram_quantile(0.5, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]), Wait, 1.5? 2023 The Linux Foundation. The data section of the query result consists of a list of objects that To do that, you can either configure It has a cool concept of labels, a functional query language &a bunch of very useful functions like rate(), increase() & histogram_quantile(). Imagine that you create a histogram with 5 buckets with values:0.5, 1, 2, 3, 5. discoveredLabels represent the unmodified labels retrieved during service discovery before relabeling has occurred. Of course, it may be that the tradeoff would have been better in this case, I don't know what kind of testing/benchmarking was done. The calculated value of the 95th Why is water leaking from this hole under the sink? If your service runs replicated with a number of protocol. dimension of . The helm chart values.yaml provides an option to do this. by the Prometheus instance of each alerting rule. All of the data that was successfully result property has the following format: Instant vectors are returned as result type vector. // NormalizedVerb returns normalized verb, // If we can find a requestInfo, we can get a scope, and then. apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket metric name has 7 times more values than any other. depending on the resultType. label instance="127.0.0.1:9090. what's the difference between "the killing machine" and "the machine that's killing". Specification of -quantile and sliding time-window. PromQL expressions. The request durations were collected with function. The default values, which are 0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10are tailored to broadly measure the response time in seconds and probably wont fit your apps behavior. There's a possibility to setup federation and some recording rules, though, this looks like unwanted complexity for me and won't solve original issue with RAM usage. ", "Gauge of all active long-running apiserver requests broken out by verb, group, version, resource, scope and component. Also, the closer the actual value Hi, You can also run the check by configuring the endpoints directly in the kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml file, in the conf.d/ folder at the root of your Agents configuration directory. quantiles yields statistically nonsensical values. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. The data section of the query result has the following format: refers to the query result data, which has varying formats This is not considered an efficient way of ingesting samples. I can skip this metrics from being scraped but I need this metrics. Prometheus doesnt have a built in Timer metric type, which is often available in other monitoring systems. ", "Request filter latency distribution in seconds, for each filter type", // requestAbortsTotal is a number of aborted requests with http.ErrAbortHandler, "Number of requests which apiserver aborted possibly due to a timeout, for each group, version, verb, resource, subresource and scope", // requestPostTimeoutTotal tracks the activity of the executing request handler after the associated request. library, YAML comments are not included. (NginxTomcatHaproxy) (Kubernetes). Finally, if you run the Datadog Agent on the master nodes, you can rely on Autodiscovery to schedule the check. How can we do that? bucket: (Required) The max latency allowed hitogram bucket. Not only does I think summaries have their own issues; they are more expensive to calculate, hence why histograms were preferred for this metric, at least as I understand the context. histogram_quantile(0.5, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]) Check out https://gumgum.com/engineering, Organizing teams to deliver microservices architecture, Most common design issues found during Production Readiness and Post-Incident Reviews, helm upgrade -i prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack -n prometheus version 33.2.0, kubectl port-forward service/prometheus-grafana 8080:80 -n prometheus, helm upgrade -i prometheus prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack -n prometheus version 33.2.0 values prometheus.yaml, https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts. might still change. A summary would have had no problem calculating the correct percentile percentile reported by the summary can be anywhere in the interval Can I change which outlet on a circuit has the GFCI reset switch? with caution for specific low-volume use cases. See the sample kube_apiserver_metrics.d/conf.yaml for all available configuration options. Summaries are great ifyou already know what quantiles you want. apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket 15808 etcd_request_duration_seconds_bucket 4344 container_tasks_state 2330 apiserver_response_sizes_bucket 2168 container_memory_failures_total . If there is a recommended approach to deal with this, I'd love to know what that is, as the issue for me isn't storage or retention of high cardinality series, its that the metrics endpoint itself is very slow to respond due to all of the time series. This documentation is open-source. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=0.5} 0 With a broad distribution, small changes in result in Their placeholder buckets and includes every resource (150) and every verb (10). Already on GitHub? __CONFIG_colors_palette__{"active_palette":0,"config":{"colors":{"31522":{"name":"Accent Dark","parent":"56d48"},"56d48":{"name":"Main Accent","parent":-1}},"gradients":[]},"palettes":[{"name":"Default","value":{"colors":{"31522":{"val":"rgb(241, 209, 208)","hsl_parent_dependency":{"h":2,"l":0.88,"s":0.54}},"56d48":{"val":"var(--tcb-skin-color-0)","hsl":{"h":2,"s":0.8436,"l":0.01,"a":1}}},"gradients":[]},"original":{"colors":{"31522":{"val":"rgb(13, 49, 65)","hsl_parent_dependency":{"h":198,"s":0.66,"l":0.15,"a":1}},"56d48":{"val":"rgb(55, 179, 233)","hsl":{"h":198,"s":0.8,"l":0.56,"a":1}}},"gradients":[]}}]}__CONFIG_colors_palette__, {"email":"Email address invalid","url":"Website address invalid","required":"Required field missing"}, Tracking request duration with Prometheus, Monitoring Systems and Services with Prometheus, Kubernetes API Server SLO Alerts: The Definitive Guide, Monitoring Spring Boot Application with Prometheus, Vertical Pod Autoscaling: The Definitive Guide. Then create a namespace, and install the chart. Buckets count how many times event value was less than or equal to the buckets value. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Will all turbine blades stop moving in the event of a emergency shutdown, Site load takes 30 minutes after deploying DLL into local instance. http_request_duration_seconds_bucket{le=1} 1 Below article will help readers understand the full offering, how it integrates with AKS (Azure Kubernetes service) OK great that confirms the stats I had because the average request duration time increased as I increased the latency between the API server and the Kubelets. The following endpoint returns various build information properties about the Prometheus server: The following endpoint returns various cardinality statistics about the Prometheus TSDB: The following endpoint returns information about the WAL replay: read: The number of segments replayed so far. // source: the name of the handler that is recording this metric. EDIT: For some additional information, running a query on apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket unfiltered returns 17420 series. The keys "histogram" and "histograms" only show up if the experimental In this particular case, averaging the http_request_duration_seconds_count{}[5m] Our friendly, knowledgeable solutions engineers are here to help! // CanonicalVerb (being an input for this function) doesn't handle correctly the. How To Distinguish Between Philosophy And Non-Philosophy? An adverb which means "doing without understanding", List of resources for halachot concerning celiac disease. Copyright 2021 Povilas Versockas - Privacy Policy. Range vectors are returned as result type matrix. // CleanScope returns the scope of the request. Thirst thing to note is that when using Histogram we dont need to have a separate counter to count total HTTP requests, as it creates one for us. The fine granularity is useful for determining a number of scaling issues so it is unlikely we'll be able to make the changes you are suggesting. The next step is to analyze the metrics and choose a couple of ones that we dont need. Note that the number of observations When enabled, the remote write receiver and distribution of values that will be observed. fall into the bucket from 300ms to 450ms. When the parameter is absent or empty, no filtering is done. The error of the quantile reported by a summary gets more interesting behaves like a counter, too, as long as there are no negative 0.3 seconds. @EnablePrometheusEndpointPrometheus Endpoint . buckets are As an addition to the confirmation of @coderanger in the accepted answer. Share Improve this answer NOTE: These API endpoints may return metadata for series for which there is no sample within the selected time range, and/or for series whose samples have been marked as deleted via the deletion API endpoint. labels represents the label set after relabeling has occurred. requests served within 300ms and easily alert if the value drops below Apiserver latency metrics create enormous amount of time-series, https://www.robustperception.io/why-are-prometheus-histograms-cumulative, https://prometheus.io/docs/practices/histograms/#errors-of-quantile-estimation, Changed buckets for apiserver_request_duration_seconds metric, Replace metric apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket with trace, Requires end user to understand what happens, Adds another moving part in the system (violate KISS principle), Doesn't work well in case there is not homogeneous load (e.g. For example: map[float64]float64{0.5: 0.05}, which will compute 50th percentile with error window of 0.05. status code. Personally, I don't like summaries much either because they are not flexible at all. also easier to implement in a client library, so we recommend to implement In that case, we need to do metric relabeling to add the desired metrics to a blocklist or allowlist. An array of warnings may be returned if there are errors that do )). There's some possible solutions for this issue. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Not all requests are tracked this way. How many grandchildren does Joe Biden have? Note that any comments are removed in the formatted string. What can I do if my client library does not support the metric type I need? Example: The target observations from a number of instances. How long API requests are taking to run. For example, use the following configuration to limit apiserver_request_duration_seconds_bucket, and etcd . Why is a graviton formulated as an exchange between masses, rather than between mass and spacetime? ", "Maximal number of queued requests in this apiserver per request kind in last second. Lets call this histogramhttp_request_duration_secondsand 3 requests come in with durations 1s, 2s, 3s. open left, negative buckets are open right, and the zero bucket (with a The accumulated number audit events generated and sent to the audit backend, The number of goroutines that currently exist, The current depth of workqueue: APIServiceRegistrationController, Etcd request latencies for each operation and object type (alpha), Etcd request latencies count for each operation and object type (alpha), The number of stored objects at the time of last check split by kind (alpha; deprecated in Kubernetes 1.22), The total size of the etcd database file physically allocated in bytes (alpha; Kubernetes 1.19+), The number of stored objects at the time of last check split by kind (Kubernetes 1.21+; replaces etcd, The number of LIST requests served from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects read from storage in the course of serving a LIST request (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects tested in the course of serving a LIST request from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The number of objects returned for a LIST request from storage (alpha; Kubernetes 1.23+), The accumulated number of HTTP requests partitioned by status code method and host, The accumulated number of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (deprecated in Kubernetes 1.15), The accumulated number of requests dropped with 'Try again later' response, The accumulated number of HTTP requests made, The accumulated number of authenticated requests broken out by username, The monotonic count of audit events generated and sent to the audit backend, The monotonic count of HTTP requests partitioned by status code method and host, The monotonic count of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (deprecated in Kubernetes 1.15), The monotonic count of requests dropped with 'Try again later' response, The monotonic count of the number of HTTP requests made, The monotonic count of authenticated requests broken out by username, The accumulated number of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (Kubernetes 1.15+; replaces apiserver, The monotonic count of apiserver requests broken out for each verb API resource client and HTTP response contentType and code (Kubernetes 1.15+; replaces apiserver, The request latency in seconds broken down by verb and URL, The request latency in seconds broken down by verb and URL count, The admission webhook latency identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit), The admission webhook latency identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit), The admission sub-step latency histogram broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit), The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) count, The admission sub-step latency summary broken out for each operation and API resource and step type (validate or admit) quantile, The admission controller latency histogram in seconds identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit), The admission controller latency histogram in seconds identified by name and broken out for each operation and API resource and type (validate or admit) count, The response latency distribution in microseconds for each verb, resource and subresource, The response latency distribution in microseconds for each verb, resource, and subresource count, The response latency distribution in seconds for each verb, dry run value, group, version, resource, subresource, scope, and component, The response latency distribution in seconds for each verb, dry run value, group, version, resource, subresource, scope, and component count, The number of currently registered watchers for a given resource, The watch event size distribution (Kubernetes 1.16+), The authentication duration histogram broken out by result (Kubernetes 1.17+), The counter of authenticated attempts (Kubernetes 1.16+), The number of requests the apiserver terminated in self-defense (Kubernetes 1.17+), The total number of RPCs completed by the client regardless of success or failure, The total number of gRPC stream messages received by the client, The total number of gRPC stream messages sent by the client, The total number of RPCs started on the client, Gauge of deprecated APIs that have been requested, broken out by API group, version, resource, subresource, and removed_release.
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